But coffee is grown in over 50 countries, each adding its own flavor to the global market13. Colombia is known as the third-largest coffee producer worldwide, making up 7% of global production10. The National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia supports over 500,000 producers and funds coffee research11. Indonesia’s location and climate have helped it become the third-largest producer of robusta beans in the world.
- Other metrics like education spending, curriculum quality, and technological readiness are also included.
- At the time, the government began a policy of support for the industry by offering trade and tax benefits.
- Vietnam is famous for its Robusta coffee, loved for its unique taste8.
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But you can still easily find single-origin coffees from individual homesteads in Ethiopia if you’re willing to put in a bit of research. Coffee production in Indonesia also includes Kopi Luwak (aka Luwak Coffee or Poop Coffee). This is coffee made from cherries that have been consumed by civet cats and then collected from the poop. The coffee ferments in the cat’s digestive tract and has to be separated from the fecal matter, processed, and dried. This is down, in part, to the advertising campaign by the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia featuring the fictional coffee farmer, Juan Valdez. The campaign was successful in making Colombia one of the most famous coffee countries worldwide.
Second Largest Producer of Coffee in the World – Vietnam
The coffee here grew even long before the arrival of the Arabs to the continent and was found as a wild shrub of the Robusta variety. At that time the inhabitants used it for its medicinal properties and the beans were chewed, not prepared as an infusion. This has to do with their high-altitude farms and diverse microclimates. Mexico is famous for producing some of the finest Arabica coffee. The Western region near the Rwenzori Mountains offers a blend of Robusta and Arabica.
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Coffee plantations currently cover over 1 million hectares of Indonesia’s territory, with over 90% of the cropland being worked by small-scale producers. Coffee is a vital part of the Ugandan economy, with a large portion of the population working in coffee-related industries. Coffee production was initially a reasonably unsuccessful state-controlled sector. However, after government privatization in 1991, a strong revival of the sector was seen, leading to a 5100% increase in production since 1989.
These giants have not only shaped the way coffee is consumed but have also made significant strides toward ethical and sustainable practices within the industry. Arabica coffee has a sweeter and smoother taste compared to Robusta coffee, which tends to be more bitter and harsher on the taste buds. Arabica beans are generally more expensive due to their specific growing requirements. Robusta plants, on the other hand, are known for their sturdiness and ability to resist pests and diseases. Uganda produces around 210,000 metric tons annually led by Robusta suited to the tropical climate.
In 2021, coffee exports reached $1.3 billion, making up 26.2% of Honduras’ exports18. Its production of 27,000 metric tons (60,000,000 pounds) of coffee means that 0.2% of the world’s coffee is coming from the Philippines. All of the coffee produced in Venezuela is of the arabica variety. All of the coffee produced in Thailand is of the inferior robusta variety. Growing regions are mainly spread through the centre of the country from the north west at the border with Nicaragua to the south east at the border with Panama. The biggest concentration being in the centre surrounding the capital San José.
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So, who are the largest coffee producers in the world, and what makes them stand out? Indonesia produces several types of highly sought-after specialty coffees, the most interesting of which is Kopi Luwak. Harvested from the feces of Asian palm civets, the beans have a distinctive and understandably unique flavor.
However, this is slowly changing with more specialty Vietnamese coffee brands popping up. Below is a list of the world’s top 10 coffee-producing countries, according largest producer of coffee in the world to the International Coffee Organization. Over time, India has changed its coffee focus from Arabica to Robusta. This change is big, showing how the demand for Robusta has grown. Travel refers to the ease, safety, and attractiveness of visiting a place for tourism or other purposes.
Indonesia’s coffee scene is also known for its lively culture and special brewing ways, like Tubruk, Siphon, and Giling Basah16. With about 1.24 million hectares of coffee farms17, 25% for Arabica17, and 1.77 million jobs in the coffee industry17, Indonesia is a key player in the global coffee world. Indonesia is a big name in the coffee world, being the fourth-largest producer globally and second in Asia15. Coffee is very important for Indonesia’s economy, ranking as the third-most crucial commodity15. Its coffee history goes back to the late 1600s when the Dutch brought coffee to the region16. Now, Indonesia is known for its diverse coffee, offering many famous types.
- As for any Latin country, in Mexico coffee is one of the most important beverages both economically and culturally.
- It’s the eighth-largest coffee producer, making 3.1% of the world’s coffee25.
- And the main regions where it is grown are Veracruz, Chiapas, Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Hidalgo.
- Unfortunately, there is not enough data to provide accurate quantities of robusta.
- Over time, coffee spread across the islands, with the main coffee areas being Aceh, Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Sulawesi16.
If the farmer’s goal is to produce a good-quality coffee, they have to separate the under-ripe cherries post-harvest. Unfortunately, many farmers do not separate the under-ripe cherries, which is why Brazil produces so much low-grade coffee. Once again a victim of their own success, the Brazilian government had to burn around 78 million bags of stockpiled coffee in the hope of raising coffee prices on the global market. However, the sudden surge in production was bittersweet as it caused global coffee prices to decrease significantly in value. Despite producing a staggering one-third of the world’s coffee, Brazil used to produce a lot more.
These beans primarily go to the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan and South Korea. To maintain quality, the Colombian Coffee Growers Federation oversees production. Despite challenges with coffee diseases like leaf rust, this zeal has earned “Colombian Coffee” PGI status.
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And try out the coffee from each country – the more caffeine, the merrier. But investment in education and good farming practices have allowed the Rwandan coffee industry to continue to grow with a focus on quality coffee production. In fact, Rwanda almost exclusively grows high-quality, washed Arabica coffee beans. Guatemala produced 204,000 metric tons of coffee beans in 2016, and their production numbers have remained fairly consistent over the past few years. Coffee beans are most abundant in Guatemala in years where the temperature hovers between 16 and 32°C, and at altitudes between 500 and 5,000 metres above sea level. Guatemala was Central America’s top producers until it was overtaken by Honduras in 2011.
Indonesia’s coffee story began when the Dutch introduced coffee plants in the late 1600s. Over the centuries, the country grew into a global coffee powerhouse. Until recently it was second only to Brazil when ranking the biggest coffee producers in the world. Notably, over the last 10 years, coffee’s contribution to the country’s agricultural GDP has fallen by nearly two-thirds. Due to the export method from India, a process known as “monsooning” has become common.
Sustainability has become increasingly important for coffee companies, especially in light of climate change and its effects on coffee production. For instance, Nestlé has implemented programs to support farmers in adopting sustainable agricultural practices, thus helping to improve coffee quality and yield. JDE Peet’s showcases the power of mergers and acquisitions, celebrating a rich heritage while focusing on quality and sustainability. Coffee is more than just a morning ritual; it is a global phenomenon that connects millions of people across cultures and countries. The love for coffee has led to the rise of various coffee companies, each with its unique story and brand.
Kenya also produces 39,000 metric tons (86,000,000 pounds) of coffee, accounting for almost 0.4% of the world’s coffee. Arabica accounts for 94%, with robusta accounting for the remaining 6%. Production is mostly arabica, totalling over 97% of its coffee production, with less than 3% being of the robusta variety. Sliding down the ranks in eleventh place is Guatemala in Central America.